Urinary incontinence is any involuntary leakage of urine. There are three main types of urinary incontinence: Urgency urinary incontinence: involuntary leakage accompanied or preceded by a sudden urge to pass urine Stress urinary incontinence: involuntary leakage on effort/exertion/sneezing/coughing Mixed urinary incontinence: stress and urgency incontinence Overflow incontinence: detrusor (bladder muscle) underactivity or bladder outlet obstruction leads to urinary retention and leakage of urine Urinary incontience is more common in women and often associated with detrusor overactivity or weakened pelvic floor muscles. Adobe stock Fig 1: Stress urinary incontinence Pharmacological Management Drug treatment is indicated when conservative measures (bladder training, pelvic floor therapy) are insufficient. The main pharmacological options for urge or mixed incontinence are: 1. Antimuscarinic Agents Examples: Oxybutynin, Solifenacin, Tolterodine, Darifenacin, Fesoterodine, Propiverine, Trospium chloride 2. β3-Adrenoceptor Agonists Rate This Article